Showing posts with label Selenium online course. Show all posts

Tuesday, 5 August 2014

Selenium Remote Control (RC)

Overview

While Selenium IDE may seem a productive and efficient tool for writing test-cases, it lacks many essential features of a testing tool:
- Conditional statements
- Loops
- Logging
- Exception handling
- Reporting
- Test fixtures and data-driven tests
- Test dependencies
- Taking screenshots
Selenium RC is the answer to a more powerful test-suite for your applications.
It follows a client/server model allowing client libraries to execute tests on a browser controlled by the server.

Selenium Server

Selenium server is the program that drives the browser
It embeds Selenium Core framework and injects it into the browser
It communicates with the running test client and drives the browser
Client tests sends commands that the server interpretes in order to drive the browser
The server sends back results to the client
Client and server communicates via HTTP GETs and POSTs so you can easily plug into
Server is configurable at startup via command-line options. use java -jar selenium-server.jar -h to see the list of options

Client libraries

Client libraries provides the API to program tests and execute them on the server
Each implementation provides access to all Selenium commands
Supported API implementation exists in:
- Java (also accessible via Groovy)
- .Net
- PHP
- Python
- Perl
- Ruby

Locators In Selenium

Locators
Selenium uses what is called locators to find and match the elements of your page that it needs to interact with. There are 8 locators strategies included in Selenium:

Identifier
Id
Name
Link
DOM
XPath
CSS
UI-element

Identifier
Works with the ID and name attributes of your html tags. Let’s consider the following example:
<html>
<body>
<form id=”login”>
<input name=”username” type=”text”/>
<input name=”password” type=”password”/>
<input name=”submit” type=”submit” value=”Continue!”/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Valid locators for this snippet are :

identifier=login
identifier=username
submit

Id
The Id strategy looks for an element in the page having an id attribute corresponding to the specified pattern. <label id=”my_id” /> will be matched by a locator like id=my_id or just my_id
Name
Like the Id strategy, but on the name attribute. You can also specify a filter to refine your locator. Currently, there are two filter types :

Value : matches elements with a name attribute and where the value follows a pattern. The following example illustrates the interest of filters :

<html>
<body>
<div id=”pancakes”>
<button type=”button” name=”pancake” value=”Blueberry”>Blueberry</button>
<button type=”button” name=”pancake” value=”Banana”>Banana</button>
<button type=”button” name=”pancake” value=”Strawberry”>Strawberry</button>
</div>
</body>

</html>
Link
This strategy is intended to select links only and selects the anchor element containing the specified text: link=The text of the link
DOM
The DOM strategy works by locating elements that matches the javascript expression refering to an element in the DOM of the page.

dom=document.div['pancakes'].button[0]
document.div[0].button[2]
dom=function foo() { return document.getElementById(“pancakes”); }; foo();

XPath
While DOM is the recognized standard for navigation through an HTML element tree, XPath is the standard navigation tool for XML; and an HTML document is also an XML document (xHTML). XPath is used everywhere where there is XML. Valid XPath locators can be:

xpath=//button[@value="Blueberry"]: matches the Blueberry button
//div[@id="pancakes"]/button[0]: same thing

CSS
The CSS locator strategy uses CSS selectors to find the elements in the page. Selenium supports CSS 1 through 3 selectors syntax excepted CSS3 namespaces

Commands In Selenium

Commands

The Selenium API defines dozens of commands that can be categorized into the following:

Actions
Accessors
Assertions

Actions

Actions are commands that change the state of the application like clicking links or buttons, select an option in a <select> or type a character sequence in a given textbox.
Actions are available in different flavors. For instance, click(locator) will trigger a click on an element locator but you can also find:
- clickAndWait(locator) command which will trigger a click and stop the test until the browser has finished loading a new page.
- clickAt(locator, offset) command that also triggers a click but takes another argument: a X and Y tuple that offset the actual clicking location by X and Y pixels.
- A combination of the above : clickAtAndWait(locator,offset) that combines the specification of an offset for the click location and waits for a new page to load.
test with actions

?

type id=search Donuts near my home

?
- type modifies the state of the application (it modifies a test field) and so is considered as an action
Accessors
- Accessors inspect the state of the application and store values in variables.
- For instance, storeCookies(variableName) stores all the cookies in use in the current page in the variable variableName.
- To use stored variables, the syntax is ${variablename} (or storedVars['variableName'] if in a JavaScript context):
  
  Test with variables
  
  store my_search_string searchString
  
  ?
  
  type id=search ${searchString}
  
  ?
  
  and if in a JavaScript code section:
```
if (storedVars['variableName'] == '') {
  ...
}
```
Assertions
- Assertions are also able to inspect the current page but:
  
  They are made to return a boolean value
  
  This boolean represents the conformity of the element to a desired pattern
  
  Usually, the pattern represents the state of an element.
- Assertions come into 3 flavors:
  
  assert : if assertion fails, test is aborted and marked as failed : assertTitle(pattern) will fail if the title of the page doesnot correspond to the pattern argument.
  
  verify : if a verification fails, the test doesnot stop but a trace will be printed in the log.
  
  waitFor : these commands pause the test until a condition is satisfied or a timeout is reached.

Thursday, 10 July 2014

Selenium Online Training by Quontra Solutions

We are pleased to supply a lot of information and a dozen of free hands-on tutorials. All the available tutorials are surrounded with screenshots and downloadable code samples. This blog is created and will be maintained by Quontra Solutions. Quontra solutions Trainers have many years of experience in automated testing. Quontra Solutions is particularly interested in web technology and new programming languages. We are always trying to find a way to transfer knowledge to Students who are interested in the automated testing of software.
A variety of topics will be covered on this blog. Starting with recording tests with Selenium IDE and locating web elements and furthermore the use of design patterns and performance measurement to create a robust testing framework.
Selenium Tutorial using C# and NUnit
In this tutorial we are going to learn how to create your first test script using the language that most commonly used, c#. Since most languages are semantically the same, if you do not use c# it shouldn’t be too difficult to translate the tutorial into your language of choice. You have to download Nunit and at least Visual Studio Express c# edition to complete this tutorial. They are free to download and use.

Follow steps 1-4 of Selenium Remote Control HTML Suite Tutorial. This will get the Selenium Remote Control Running.
In Visual Studio let’s create a new project. You will have to create a new class library by going New> New Solution> Class Library and call it TheAutomatedTester
Add a reference to the NUnit Framework by rightclicking on the solution and clicking add reference. Click on the browse tab and navigate to <%nunithome%>\bin and select nunit.framework.dll . This allows you now to create your first NUnit test.
Now in the *.cs file put the code below into it. The code below will call Selenium Remote and say that it needs an instance on Firefox Chrome.

[TestFixture]
public class TheAutomatedTester
{
private ISelenium selenium;
private StringBuilder verificationErrors;
[SetUp]
public void SetupTest()
{
selenium = new DefaultSelenium(“localhost”, 4444, “*chrome”, “http://localhost”);
selenium.Start();
verificationErrors = new StringBuilder();
}

Now Lets create a test:

[Test]
public void AutomatedTester_Test()
{
selenium.Open(“/index.htm”);
selenium.Click(“buttonName”);
selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(“30000″);
}

The code above would open the page index.htm for the root of your local web server then click on a button and wait for a page to load. If you want to see how to the other commands look I would suggest creating your command in Selenium IDE and then converting them to c# using the Options > Format commands.

Once your test has run you will need to clean up Selenium object. The best way to do this is to create a teardown function in your test. It should look like something like the code below.

[TearDown]
public void TeardownTest()
{
try
{
selenium.Stop();
}
catch (Exception)
{// Ignore errors if unable to close the browser
}
Assert.AreEqual(“”, verificationErrors.ToString());
}

If you make sure that your code has this teardown then you will be able to reuse the Selenium Remote Control.

Now compile the code into a DLL and Open it with NUnit. When you click the Run button in NUnit it will run your Selenium Test.

If you would like to make your test data driven put all the code to pull the data in the SetUp

Friday, 4 July 2014

Selenium Interview Questions

Below are the few commonly asked Selenium Interview Questions
What is Selenium?
Selenium is a suite of tools for browser automation. It is composed of “IDE”, a recording and play back mechanism, “WebDriver” and remote control “RC” which provides APIs for browser automation in variety of languages and “Grid”, which allows many tests using APIs to be run in parallel. The recorded tests can be imported in most languages like html, Java , .net , perl , ruby etc. The exported test can be run in any browser and any platform using selenium remote control “RC”
What are the components of selenium ?
Selenium IDE – Plugin to Firefox to record and play test in Firefox and also export tests in different languages. The most appealing format is the html test case which seems to be based on fit html
Selenium RC- Allows playing of exported test in different platform/OS
Selenium Grid – Allows to control lots of selenium machines(you typically don’t need this only for load test -and hence may ignore it).
What are the capabilities of Selenium WebDriver or Google WebDriver or Selenium 2.0?
Capabilities of Selenium WebDriver or Google WebDriver or Selenium 2.0 are:
One should use WebDriver when requiring improved support for

Mult-browser testing including improved functionality for browsers not well-supported by Selenium-1.0.
Handling multiple frames, multiple browser windows, pop-ups, and alerts.
Page navigation.
Drag-and-drop.
AJAX-based UI elements.

Which are the browsers supported by Selenium RC?
Browsers supported by Selenium RC are:

Firefox
Mock
Firefoxproxy
pifirefox
iexploreproxy
iexplore
firefox3
Safari proxy
Google chrome
conqueror
firefox2
safari
piiexplore
firefoxchrome
Opera
iehta

What are the Operating Systems supported by Selenium?
Operating Systems supported by Selenium are:
Selenium IDE
Works in Firefox 2+ Start browser, run tests Run tests
Operating Systems Supported:

Windows
OS X
Linux
Solaris
Others whichever supports Firefox 2+

Selenium Remote Control:
Used for starting browser and run tests
Operating Systems Supported:

Windows,
OS X
Linux
Solaris
Others

Selenium Core:
Used for running tests
Operating Systems Supported:

Windows
OS X
Linux
Solaris
Others

What is the difference between assert and Verify Commands?
There are two mechanisms for validating elements that are available on the application under test. The first is assert: this allows the test to check if the element is on the page. If it is not available, then the test will stop on the step that failed. The second is verify: this also allows the test to check whether the element is on the page, but if it isn’t, then the test will carry on executing.
What is the price of Selenium license per server?
Selenium is open source software, released under the Apache 2.0 license and can be downloaded and used without charge.
How much does Selenium license cost per client machine?
Selenium is open source software, released under the Apache 2.0 license and can be downloaded and used without charge.
Where to download Selenium?
Selenium can be downloaded and installed for free from seleniumhq.org

How to take a screenshot in Selenium Webdriver

code will help you how to take a snapshot in selenium webdriver.

Also one thing noticed is that sometimes “import org.openqa.selenium. TakesScreenshot;” this import don’t appear and you have to manually add this line to your code to make this work. import java.io.File;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class Chrome {
WebDriver driver;
@BeforeMethod
public void launchChrome()
{
System.setProperty(“webdriver.chrome.driver”, “E:\Harsimran-PC\workspace\chromedriver_win_26.0.1383.0\chromedriver.exe”);
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get(“http://google.co.in”);
}
@Test
public void googleScreenshot()
{
try {
File scrnsht =((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
// This is where magic happens FileUtils.copyFile(scrnsht, new
File(“e:\google_page.png”));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@AfterTest
public void kill()
{
driver.close();
}
}

Usage of sql jdbc 4.0 driver

This post is related to using sql jdbc driver 4.0

If you are using sql jdbc driver then these are things to note and follow:
1) Download sqljdbc driver from http://www.microsoft.com/en-in/download/details.aspx?id=11774
2) Now if your jdk is 32-bit then set the 32-bit driver path to your system property or 64-bit if your jdk is 64-bit
3) Now if you are using integrated security then copy the authorization .dll to your system32 folder and set that property to your system path as well.
4) If you still get issues with it then let us know

Selenium Tutorial using C# and NUnit

Follow steps 1-4 of Selenium Remote Control HTML Suite Tutorial. This will get the Selenium Remote Control Running.
In Visual Studio let’s create a new project. You will have to create a new class library by going New> New Solution> Class Library and call it TheAutomatedTester
Add a reference to the NUnit Framework by rightclicking on the solution and clicking add reference. Click on the browse tab and navigate to <%nunithome%>\bin and select nunit.framework.dll . This allows you now to create your first NUnit test.
Now in the *.cs file put the code below into it. The code below will call Selenium Remote and say that it needs an instance on Firefox Chrome.

[TestFixture]
public class TheAutomatedTester
{
private ISelenium selenium;
private StringBuilder verificationErrors;
[SetUp]
public void SetupTest()
{
selenium = new DefaultSelenium(“localhost”, 4444, “*chrome”, “http://localhost”);
selenium.Start();
verificationErrors = new StringBuilder();
}

Now Lets create a test:

[Test]
public void AutomatedTester_Test()
{
selenium.Open(“/index.htm”);
selenium.Click(“buttonName”);
selenium.WaitForPageToLoad(“30000″);
}

Once your test has run you will need to clean up Selenium object. The best way to do this is to create a teardown function in your test. It should look like something like the code below.

[TearDown]
public void TeardownTest()
{
try
{
selenium.Stop();
}
catch (Exception)
{// Ignore errors if unable to close the browser
}
Assert.AreEqual(“”, verificationErrors.ToString());
}