Locators
Selenium uses what is called locators to find and match the elements of your page that it needs to interact with. There are 8 locators strategies included in Selenium:
Works with the ID and name attributes of your html tags. Let’s consider the following example:
<html>
<body>
<form id=”login”>
<input name=”username” type=”text”/>
<input name=”password” type=”password”/>
<input name=”submit” type=”submit” value=”Continue!”/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Valid locators for this snippet are :
The Id strategy looks for an element in the page having an id attribute corresponding to the specified pattern. <label id=”my_id” /> will be matched by a locator like id=my_id or just my_id
Name
Like the Id strategy, but on the name attribute. You can also specify a filter to refine your locator. Currently, there are two filter types :
Link
This strategy is intended to select links only and selects the anchor element containing the specified text: link=The text of the link
DOM
The DOM strategy works by locating elements that matches the javascript expression refering to an element in the DOM of the page.
While DOM is the recognized standard for navigation through an HTML element tree, XPath is the standard navigation tool for XML; and an HTML document is also an XML document (xHTML). XPath is used everywhere where there is XML. Valid XPath locators can be:
The CSS locator strategy uses CSS selectors to find the elements in the page. Selenium supports CSS 1 through 3 selectors syntax excepted CSS3 namespaces
Selenium uses what is called locators to find and match the elements of your page that it needs to interact with. There are 8 locators strategies included in Selenium:
- Identifier
- Id
- Name
- Link
- DOM
- XPath
- CSS
- UI-element
Works with the ID and name attributes of your html tags. Let’s consider the following example:
<html>
<body>
<form id=”login”>
<input name=”username” type=”text”/>
<input name=”password” type=”password”/>
<input name=”submit” type=”submit” value=”Continue!”/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Valid locators for this snippet are :
- identifier=login
- identifier=username
- submit
The Id strategy looks for an element in the page having an id attribute corresponding to the specified pattern. <label id=”my_id” /> will be matched by a locator like id=my_id or just my_id
Name
Like the Id strategy, but on the name attribute. You can also specify a filter to refine your locator. Currently, there are two filter types :
- Value : matches elements with a name attribute and where the value follows a pattern. The following example illustrates the interest of filters :
- <html>
- <body>
- <div id=”pancakes”>
- <button type=”button” name=”pancake” value=”Blueberry”>Blueberry</button>
- <button type=”button” name=”pancake” value=”Banana”>Banana</button>
- <button type=”button” name=”pancake” value=”Strawberry”>Strawberry</button>
- </div>
- </body>
Link
This strategy is intended to select links only and selects the anchor element containing the specified text: link=The text of the link
DOM
The DOM strategy works by locating elements that matches the javascript expression refering to an element in the DOM of the page.
- dom=document.div['pancakes'].button[0]
- document.div[0].button[2]
- dom=function foo() { return document.getElementById(“pancakes”); }; foo();
While DOM is the recognized standard for navigation through an HTML element tree, XPath is the standard navigation tool for XML; and an HTML document is also an XML document (xHTML). XPath is used everywhere where there is XML. Valid XPath locators can be:
- xpath=//button[@value="Blueberry"]: matches the Blueberry button
- //div[@id="pancakes"]/button[0]: same thing
The CSS locator strategy uses CSS selectors to find the elements in the page. Selenium supports CSS 1 through 3 selectors syntax excepted CSS3 namespaces
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